1. Sung JJ, Kuipers EJ, El-Serag HB. Systematic review: the global incidence and prevalence of peptic ulcer disease. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2009;29:938–46. PMID:
10.1111/j.1365-2036.2009.03960.x. PMID:
19220208.
2. Bartholomeeusen S, Vandenbroucke J, Truyers C, Buntinx F. Time trends in the incidence of peptic ulcers and oesophagitis between 1994 and 2003. Br J Gen Pract 2007;57:497–9. PMID:
17550678. PMID:
2078199.
3. el-Serag HB, Sonnenberg A. Opposing time trends of peptic ulcer and reflux disease. Gut 1998;43:327–33. PMID:
10.1136/gut.43.3.327. PMID:
9863476.
4. Aro P, Storskrubb T, Ronkainen J, Bolling-Sternevald E, Engstrand L, Vieth M, et al. Peptic ulcer disease in a general adult population: the Kalixanda study: a random population- based study. Am J Epidemiol 2006;163:1025–34. PMID:
10.1093/aje/kwj129. PMID:
16554343.
5. Kim JJ, Kim N, Park HK, Jo HJ, Shin CM, Lee SH, et al. Clinical characteristics of patients diagnosed as peptic ulcer disease in the third referral center in 2007. Korean J Gastroenterol 2012;59:338–46. PMID:
10.4166/kjg.2012.59.5.338. PMID:
22617527.
6. Kim JS, Kim BW. Epidemiology of peptic ulcer disease in Korea. Korean J
Helicobacter Up Gastrointest Res 2014;14:1–5. PMID:
10.7704/kjhugr.2014.14.1.1.
7. Schwartz SI, Brunicardi FC, Andersen DK, Billiar TR, Dunn DL, Hunter JG, et al. Schwartz's principles of surgery. 2015:10th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Education; p.1053.
9. Milosavljevic T, Kostić-Milosavljević M, Jovanović I, Krstić M. Complications of peptic ulcer disease. Dig Dis 2011;29:491–3. PMID:
10.1159/000331517. PMID:
22095016.
10. Irvin TT. Mortality and perforated peptic ulcer: a case for risk stratification in elderly patients. Br J Surg 1989;76:215–8. PMID:
10.1002/bjs.1800760304. PMID:
2720316.
11. Sabiston DC, Townsend CM. Sabiston textbook of surgery the biological basis of modern surgical practice. 2012:19th ed. Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders; p.1196.
13. Grassi R, Romano S, Pinto A, Romano L. Gastro-duodenal perforations: conventional plain film, US and CT findings in 166 consecutive patients. Eur J Radiol 2004;50:30–6. PMID:
10.1016/j.ejrad.2003.11.012. PMID:
15093233.
14. Schwartz SI, Brunicardi FC, Andersen DK, Billiar TR, Dunn DL, Hunter JG, et al. Schwartz's principles of surgery. 2015:10th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Education; p.1068.
15. Saber A, Gad MA, Ellabban GM. Perforated duodenal ulcer in high risk patients: is percutaneous drainage justified? N Am J Med Sci 2012;4:35–9. PMID:
10.4103/1947-2714.92902. PMID:
22393546. PMID:
3289488.
16. Schwartz SI, Brunicardi FC, Andersen DK, Billiar TR, Dunn DL, Hunter JG, et al. Schwartz's principles of surgery. 2015:10th ed. New York: McGraw-Hill Education; p.1070.
17. Wang YR, Richter JE, Dempsey DT. Trends and outcomes of hospitalizations for peptic ulcer disease in the United States 1993 to 2006. Ann Surg 2010;251:51–8. PMID:
10.1097/SLA.0b013e3181b975b8. PMID:
20009753.
18. Gilliam AD, Speake WJ, Lobo DN, Beckingham IJ. Current practice of emergency vagotomy and
Helicobacter pylori eradication for complicated peptic ulcer in the United Kingdom. Br J Surg 2003;90:88–90. PMID:
10.1002/bjs.4003. PMID:
12520581.
20. Sharma D, Saxena A, Rahman H, Raina VK, Kapoor JP. ‘Free omental plug’: a nostalgic look at an old and dependable technique for giant peptic perforations. Dig Surg 2000;17:216–8. PMID:
10.1159/000018837. PMID:
10867452.
21. Booth RA, Williams JA. Mortality of perforated duodenal ulcer treated by simple suture. Br J Surg 1971;58:42–4. PMID:
10.1002/bjs.1800580108.
22. Jani K, Saxena AK, Vaghasia R. Omental plugging for large- sized duodenal peptic perforations: A prospective randomized study of 100 patients. South Med J 2006;99:467–71. PMID:
10.1097/01.smj.0000203814.87306.cd. PMID:
16711308.
23. McIlrath DC, Larson RH. Surgical management of large perforations of the duodenum. Surg Clin North Am 1971;51:857–61. PMID:
4329579.
24. Chaudhary A, Bose SM, Gupta NM, Wig JD, Khanna SK. Giant perforations of duodenal ulcer. Indian J Gastroenterol 1991;10:14–5. PMID:
2004794.
25. Cranford CA Jr, Olson R, Bradley EL 3rd. Gastric disconnection in the management of perforated giant duodenal ulcer. Am J Surg 1988;155:439–42. PMID:
10.1016/S0002-9610(88)80108-9.
26. Lal P, Vindal A, Hadke NS. Controlled tube duodenostomy in the management of giant duodenal ulcer perforation: a new technique for a surgically challenging condition. Am J Surg 2009;198:319–23. PMID:
10.1016/j.amjsurg.2008.09.028. PMID:
19306982.
27. Mouret P, François Y, Vignal J, Barth X, Lombard-Platet R. Laparoscopic treatment of perforated peptic ulcer. Br J Surg 1990;77:1006PMID:
10.1002/bjs.1800770916. PMID:
2145052.
28. Bertleff MJ, Halm JA, Bemelman WA, van der Ham AC, van der Harst E, Oei HI, et al. Randomized clinical trial of laparoscopic versus open repair of the perforated peptic ulcer: the LAMA Trial. World J Surg 2009;33:1368–73. PMID:
10.1007/s00268-009-0054-y. PMID:
19430829. PMID:
2691927.
29. Lagoo S, McMahon RL, Kakihara M, Pappas TN, Eubanks S. The sixth decision regarding perforated duodenal ulcer. JSLS 2002;6:359–68. PMID:
12500837. PMID:
3043448.
30. Lohsiriwat V, Prapasrivorakul S, Lohsiriwat D. Perforated peptic ulcer: clinical presentation, surgical outcomes, and the accuracy of the Boey scoring system in predicting postoperative morbidity and mortality. World J Surg 2009;33:80–5. PMID:
10.1007/s00268-008-9796-1. PMID:
18958520.
31. Lunevicius R, Morkevicius M. Comparison of laparoscopic versus open repair for perforated duodenal ulcers. Surg Endosc 2005;19:1565–71. PMID:
10.1007/s00464-005-0146-1. PMID:
16211440.
32. Katkhouda N, Mavor E, Mason RJ, Campos GM, Soroushyari A, Berne TV. Laparoscopic repair of perforated duodenal ulcers: outcome and efficacy in 30 consecutive patients. Arch Surg 1999;134:845–8. discussion 849-50. PMID:
10.1001/archsurg.134.8.845. PMID:
10443807.